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Battle of the Falkland Islands
The Battle of the Falkland Islands was a British naval victory over the Imperial German Navy on 8 December 1914 during the First World War in the South Atlantic. The British, after a defeat at the Battle of Coronel on 1 November, sent a large force to track down and destroy the victorious German cruiser squadron.
Admiral Graf Maximilian von Spee—commanding the German squadron of two armoured cruisers, and , the light cruisers , and , and three auxiliaries—attempted to raid the British supply base at Stanley in the Falkland Islands. A larger British squadron—consisting of the battlecruisers and , the armoured cruisers , and , the armed merchant cruiser HMS ''Macedonia'' and the light cruisers and —had arrived in the port only the day before.
Visibility was at its maximum, the sea was placid with a gentle breeze from the northwest, and the day was bright and sunny. The advance cruisers of the German squadron had been detected early on. By nine o'clock that morning the British battlecruisers and cruisers were in hot pursuit of the five German vessels, these having taken flight in line abreast to the southeast. All except ''Dresden'' and the auxiliary ''Seydlitz'' were hunted down and sunk.
==Background==
The British battlecruisers each mounted eight guns, whereas Spee's (''Scharnhorst'' and ''Gneisenau''), were equipped with eight pieces. Additionally, the battlecruisers could make against Spee's ; thus, the British battlecruisers not only significantly outgunned them but could outrun their opponents too. The obsolete pre-dreadnought battleship——had been grounded at Stanley to act as a makeshift defence battery for the area.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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